LEAP interpreter Programming Manual
I gave up indicating the bit numbers for the binary display of the opcode,
because Lockheed number from left to right (0,1,2..15), and from my
microprocessor experience, I number the bit positions right to left
(15,14,13..0).
Not all the instructions have been determined.
ADB <byte>
Using operand, with LSB (h) determining lower byte or upper byte and dividing
operand by two for the word address (m). The accumulator is then added to this
byte and stored into the intepreter's accumulator.
| Range of instances | 8C09-8C57 |
| Routine address | 031E |
| Number of instances | 9 |
031E 43DA JMM P 3da 55 31f ......n pick up byte, byte address
03DA 2239 STX P 239 55 31f ......n save return address
03DB 0C91 LRO 1 2a 31f C.....n divide accumulator by 2
03DC 0600 XXA 31f 2a C.....n put into X
03DD DE34 LDA IXP 234 4286 2a C.....n A=0473+X=(0234)+X
03DE 0402 SNC 3e1 4286 2a C.....n even accumulator?
03DF B3ED ANA P 3ed 86 2a C.....n no, LS byte, 03ED=00FF
03E0 5A39 JMP I P 239 86 2a C.....n return
031F 5336 JMP P 336 86 2a C.....n
0336 8232 ADD P 232 86 2a ......n accumulator
0337 52AC JMP P 2ac 86 2a ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 86 2a ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 86 2a ...... next instruction
ADD <memory>
Add memory to accumulator.
| Range of instances | 6C03-6C83 |
| Routine address | 0334 |
| Number of instances | 24 |
0334 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
0335 DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
0336 8232 ADD P 232 c259 55 ......n accumulator
0337 52AC JMP P 2ac c259 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 c259 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 c259 55 ...... next instruction
ADD immediate
Add the number operand to accumlator.
| Range of instances | AC01-ACB0 |
| Routine address | 0336 |
| Number of instances | 38 |
0336 8232 ADD P 232 c2ae 0 ......n accumulator
0337 52AC JMP P 2ac c2ae 0 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 c2ae 0 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 c2ae 0 ...... next instruction
AND <memory>
Memory anded with accumulator.
| Range of instances | B40E-B463 |
| Routine address | 02D3 |
| Number of instances | 12 |
02D3 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
02D4 DE34 LDA IXP 234 0 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
02D5 B232 ANA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
02D6 52AC JMP P 2ac 0 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 0 55 ...... next instruction
BC <memory>,<bit>
Clear bit at position bbbb(0-15) in memory mmmm(00-0F). Only the first 16
locations of memory (0473-0482) can be accessed.
| Range of instances | 5820-58DE |
| Routine address | 0302 |
| Number of instances | 33 |
0302 C3F1 LDX P 3f1 55 0 ......n 0
0303 2237 STX P 237 55 0 ......n
0304 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 305 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 305 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 305 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 305 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 305 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 305 ......n return
0305 08B0 ADI b0 b5 305 ......n
0306 730D STR P 30d b5 305 ......n self modifying code
0307 D237 LDA P 237 0 305 ......n
0308 0C91 LRO 1 0 305 ......n
0309 C23B LDX P 23b 0 5 ......n
030A 05D0 REX 0 0 5 ......n
030B D3F2 LDA P 3f2 7fff 5 ......n
030C 01C0 ADC 7fff 5 ......n
030D 0CB5 LRC 5 fbff 5 C.....n modified operand
030E 0412 SNV 311 fbff 5 C.....n
0311 BE34 ANA IXP 234 0 5 C.....n base of interpreter memory
0312 532C JMP P 32c 0 5 C.....n
032C 6E34 STA IXP 234 0 5 C.....n base of interpreter memory
032D 5289 JMP P 289 0 5 C..... next instruction
BS <memory>,<bit>
Set bit at position bbbb(0-15) in memory mmmm(00-0F). Only the first 16
locations of memory (0473-0482) can be accessed.
| Range of instances | 5410-54E0 |
| Routine address | 0300 |
| Number of instances | 96 |
0300 C3EF LDX P 3ef 55 1 ......n 1
0301 5303 JMP P 303 55 1 ......n
0303 2237 STX P 237 55 1 ......n
0304 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 305 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 305 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 305 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 305 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 305 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 305 ......n return
0305 08B0 ADI b0 b5 305 ......n
0306 730D STR P 30d b5 305 ......n self modifying code
0307 D237 LDA P 237 1 305 ......n
0308 0C91 LRO 1 0 305 C.....n
0309 C23B LDX P 23b 0 5 C.....n
030A 05D0 REX 0 0 5 C.....n
030B D3F2 LDA P 3f2 7fff 5 C.....n
030C 01C0 ADC 8000 5 .V....n
030D 0CB5 LRC 5 400 5 .V....n modified operand
030E 0412 SNV 311 400 5 .V....n
030F AE34 ORA IXP 234 400 5 .V....n base of interpreter memory
0310 532C JMP P 32c 400 5 .V....n
032C 6E34 STA IXP 234 400 5 .V....n base of interpreter memory
032D 5289 JMP P 289 400 5 .V.... next instruction
BTC <memory>,<bit>
Test for clear bit at position bbbb(0-15) in memory mmmm(00-0F). If the bit is
zero then skip the next interpreter instruction. Only the first 16 locations of
memory (0473-0482) can be accessed.
| Range of instances | 5010-50F0 |
| Routine address | 0316 |
| Number of instances | 75 |
0316 43D0 JMM P 3d0 55 317 ......n extract memory bit at position
03D0 2239 STX P 239 55 317 ......n save return address
03D1 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 3d2 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 3d2 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 3d2 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 3d2 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 3d2 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 3d2 ......n return
03D2 0830 ADI 30 35 3d2 ......n
03D3 73D7 STR P 3d7 35 3d2 ......n self modifying code
03D4 C23B LDX P 23b 35 5 ......n
03D5 DE34 LDA IXP 234 400 5 ......n
03D6 0C31 LLC 1 800 5 ......n
03D7 0C35 LLC 5 1 5 C.....n modified operand
03D8 B3EF ANA P 3ef 1 5 C.....n
03D9 5A39 JMP I P 239 1 5 C.....n return
0317 04D1 SAG 319 1 5 C.....n no skip
0319 5289 JMP P 289 1 5 C..... next instruction
BTS <memory>,<bit>
Test for bit at position bbbb(0-15) in memory mmmm(00-0F). If the bit is
set then skip the next interpreter instruction. Only the first 16 locations of
memory (0473-0482) can be accessed.
| Range of instances | 4C21-4CF0 |
| Routine address | 0313 |
| Number of instances | 58 |
0313 43D0 JMM P 3d0 55 314 ......n extract memory bit at position
03D0 2239 STX P 239 55 314 ......n save return address
03D1 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 3d2 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 3d2 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 3d2 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 3d2 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 3d2 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 3d2 ......n return
03D2 0830 ADI 30 35 3d2 ......n
03D3 73D7 STR P 3d7 35 3d2 ......n self modifying code
03D4 C23B LDX P 23b 35 5 ......n
03D5 DE34 LDA IXP 234 400 5 ......n
03D6 0C31 LLC 1 800 5 ......n
03D7 0C35 LLC 5 1 5 C.....n modified operand
03D8 B3EF ANA P 3ef 1 5 C.....n
03D9 5A39 JMP I P 239 1 5 C.....n return
0314 04D3 SAG 318 1 5 C.....n skip required
0318 E233 INC P 233 1 5 C.....n advance program counter
0319 5289 JMP P 289 1 5 C.....
CLB <memory>
Using operand, with LSB (h) determining lower byte or upper byte and dividing
operand by two for the word address (m). Clear this byte.
| Range of instances | 9409-94AA |
| Routine address | 0322 |
| Number of instances | 19 |
0322 C3F1 LDX P 3f1 55 0 ......n 0
0323 0C91 LRO 1 2a 0 C.....n divide accumulator by two
0324 0600 XXA 0 2a C.....n put into X
0325 0402 SNC 328 0 2a C.....n even accumulator?
0326 7E34 STR IXP 234 0 2a C.....n no, memory LS byte cleared
0327 5289 JMP P 289 0 2a C..... next instruction
CLR <memory>
Clear memory word.
| Range of instances | 7401-746B |
| Routine address | 033C |
| Number of instances | 37 |
033C 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n memory location
033D 0540 CLA 0 55 ......n
033E 532C JMP P 32c 0 55 ......n
032C 6E34 STA IXP 234 0 55 ......n accumulator
032D 5289 JMP P 289 0 55 ...... next instruction
CMB
Using operand, with LSB (h) determining lower byte or upper byte and dividing
operand by two for the word address (m). This byte is then compared with
the accumulator.
| Range of instances | 8801-886C |
| Routine address | 031C |
| Number of instances | 9 |
031C 43DA JMM P 3da 55 31d ......n pick up byte, byte address
03DA 2239 STX P 239 55 31d ......n save return address
03DB 0C91 LRO 1 2a 31d C.....n divide accumulator by 2
03DC 0600 XXA 31d 2a C.....n put into X
03DD DE34 LDA IXP 234 4286 2a C.....n A=0473+X=(0234)+X
03DE 0402 SNC 3e1 4286 2a C.....n even accumulator?
03DF B3ED ANA P 3ed 86 2a C.....n no, LS byte, 03ED=00FF
03E0 5A39 JMP I P 239 86 2a C.....n return
031D 52FA JMP P 2fa 86 2a C.....n
02FA 9232 SUB P 232 86 2a ......n byte - accumulator
02FB 0100 TWA ff7a 2a ......n accumulator - byte
02FC 623E STA P 23e ff7a 2a ......n arithmetic result
02FD 5289 JMP P 289 ff7a 2a ...... next instruction
CMP <memory>
Compare memory from accumulator.
| Range of instances | 680F-6884 |
| Routine address | 0331 |
| Number of instances | 51 |
0331 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
0332 DE34 LDA IXP 234 ff7a 55 ......n A=0473+X=(0234)+X
0333 52FA JMP P 2fa ff7a 55 ......n
02FA 9232 SUB P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator - memory
02FB 0100 TWA 0 55 C.....n memory - accumulator
02FC 623E STA P 23e 0 55 C.....n arithmetic result
02FD 5289 JMP P 289 0 55 C..... next instruction
CMP immediate
Compare immediate with accumulator.
| Range of instances | A800-A8FF |
| Routine address | 02FA |
| Number of instances | 99 |
02FA 9232 SUB P 232 c228 0 C.....n accumulator - immediate
02FB 0100 TWA 3dd8 0 ......n immediate - accumulator
02FC 623E STA P 23e 3dd8 0 ......n arithmetic result
02FD 5289 JMP P 289 3dd8 0 ...... next instruction
CMP <memory>,<bit>
Compare bit in memory.
| Range of instances | 48xx |
| Routine address | 02F9 |
| Number of instances | 0 |
02F9 43D0 JMM P 3d0 55 2fa ......n extract memory bit at position
03D0 2239 STX P 239 55 2fa ......n
03D1 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 3d2 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 3d2 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 3d2 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 3d2 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 3d2 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 3d2 ......n return
03D2 0830 ADI 30 35 3d2 ......n
03D3 73D7 STR P 3d7 35 3d2 ......n self modifying code
03D4 C23B LDX P 23b 35 5 ......n
03D5 DE34 LDA IXP 234 1000 5 ......n
03D6 0C31 LLC 1 2000 5 ......n
03D7 0C35 LLC 5 4 5 ......n modified operand
03D8 B3EF ANA P 3ef 0 5 ......n
03D9 5A39 JMP I P 239 0 5 ......n
02FA 9232 SUB P 232 c3f8 5 C.....n
02FB 0100 TWA 3c08 5 ......n
02FC 623E STA P 23e 3c08 5 ......n arithmetic result
02FD 5289 JMP P 289 3c08 5 ...... next instruction
ERR
Exit LEAP to DEVSYS.
| Range of instances | E000 |
| Routine address | 036A |
| Number of instances | 1 |
036A 0D01 LDI 1 1 0 ......n
036B 4BE8 JMM I P 3e8 1 36c ......n
0067 0DBF LDI bf bf 36c ......n '?'
0068 4271 JMM P 71 bf 69 ......n print
0071 0B02 EDO 2 bf 69 ......n
0073 07C0 JMX 0 bf 69 ......n
0069 5240 JMP P 40 bf 69 ......n
0040 4306 JMM P 106 bf 41 ...... start of DEVSYS
JEQ <location>
Jump to destination if accumulator is zero.
| Range of instances | 1802-1F77 |
| Routine address | 02E7 |
| Number of instances | 59 |
02E7 D23E LDA P 23e 0 0 ......n arithmetic result
02E8 04A9 SAZ 2f2 0 0 ......n
02F2 DA33 LDA I P 233 55 0 ......n interpreter program counter
02F3 B3F0 ANA P 3f0 55 0 ......n (03F0)=07FF low 10 bits
02F4 8235 ADD P 235 55 0 ......n (0235)=04FC base of code
02F5 6233 STA P 233 55 0 ......n interpreter program counter
02F6 528A JMP P 28a 55 0 ...... jump to that address
JGT <location>
Jump to destination if accumulator is greater than zero.
| Range of instances | 2002-27CA |
| Routine address | 02ED |
| Number of instances | 33 |
02ED D23E LDA P 23e 0 0 ......n arithmetic result
02EE 04D3 SAG 2f2 0 0 ......n no skip, not greater than zero
02EF 5289 JMP P 289 0 0 ...... next instruction
JMI <location>
Jump to destination if accumulator is less than zero.
| Range of instances | 2800-2FC2 |
| Routine address | 02EA |
| Number of instances | 36 |
02EA D23E LDA P 23e 0 0 ......n arithmetic result
02EB 04B6 SAN 2f2 0 0 ......n no skip, not less than zero
02EC 5289 JMP P 289 0 0 ...... next instruction
JMP <location>
Jump to location.
| Range of instances | 0803-0FED |
| Routine address | 02F2 |
| Number of instances | 143 |
02F2 DA33 LDA I P 233 502d 0 ......n current instruction
02F3 B3F0 ANA P 3f0 2d 0 ......n (03F0)=07FF low 10 bits
02F4 8235 ADD P 235 529 0 ......n (0235)=04FC base of code
02F5 6233 STA P 233 529 0 ......n interpreter program counter
02F6 528A JMP P 28a 529 0 ...... jump to that address
JMP [indirect]
Jump indirectly to location pointed to by operand divided by 2.
| Range of instances | 3800 |
| Routine address | 0364 |
| Number of instances | 3 |
0364 43C1 JMM P 3c1 55 365 ......n convert byte address into word
03C1 D232 LDA P 232 0 365 ......n accumulator
03C2 223A STX P 23a 0 365 ......n save return address
03C3 0C91 LRO 1 0 365 ......n divide by two
03C4 0600 XXA 365 0 ......n put into X
03C5 0700 LAX 0 0 0 ......n pick up word
03C6 5A3A JMP I P 23a 0 0 ......n return
0365 52F5 JMP P 2f5 0 0 ......n
02F5 6233 STA P 233 0 0 ......n interpreter program counter
02F6 528A JMP P 28a 0 0 ...... jump to that address
JNE <location>
Jump to destination if accumulator is not zero.
| Range of instances | 3002-37CA |
| Routine address | 02F0 |
| Number of instances | 35 |
02F0 D23E LDA P 23e 0 0 ......n arithmetic result
02F1 04AB SAZ 2fd 0 0 ......n no skip, equal to zero
02FD 5289 JMP P 289 0 0 ...... next instruction
JSR <location>
Save program counter on stack and jump to subroutine.
| Range of instances | 1003-17AD |
| Routine address | 02E3 |
| Number of instances | 184 |
02E3 C233 LDX P 233 55 0 ......n interpreter program counter
02E4 2A3D STX I P 23d 55 0 ......n push counter on to stack
02E5 E23D INC P 23d 55 0 ......n bump stack pointer
02E6 52F2 JMP P 2f2 55 0 ......n go to routine
02F2 DA33 LDA I P 233 0 0 ......n current instruction
02F3 B3F0 ANA P 3f0 0 0 ......n (03F0)=07FF low 11 bits
02F4 8235 ADD P 235 4fc 0 ......n (0235)=04FC base of code
02F5 6233 STA P 233 4fc 0 ......n interpreter program counter
02F6 528A JMP P 28a 4fc 0 ...... jump to that address
LDA <memory>
Load memory word into accumulator.
| Range of instances | 6401-6488 |
| Routine address | 032E |
| Number of instances | 208 |
032E 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
032F DE34 LDA IXP 234 0 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
0330 52AC JMP P 2ac 0 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 0 55 ...... next instruction
LDA immediate
Load the number operand to accumlator.
| Range of instances | A400-A4FF |
| Routine address | 02AC |
| Number of instances | 60 |
02AC 6232 STA P 232 55 0 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 55 0 ...... next instruction
LDA <memory>,<bit>
Load accumulator bit at position bbbb(0-15) in memory mmmm(00-0F). Only the
first 16 locations can be accessed.
| Range of instances | 4424-44DF |
| Routine address | 02F7 |
| Number of instances | 17 |
02F7 43D0 JMM P 3d0 55 2f8 ......n extract memory bit at position
03D0 2239 STX P 239 55 2f8 ......n
03D1 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 3d2 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 3d2 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 3d2 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 3d2 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 3d2 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 3d2 ......n return
03D2 0830 ADI 30 35 3d2 ......n
03D3 73D7 STR P 3d7 35 3d2 ......n self modifying code
03D4 C23B LDX P 23b 35 5 ......n
03D5 DE34 LDA IXP 234 0 5 ......n
03D6 0C31 LLC 1 0 5 ......n
03D7 0C35 LLC 5 0 5 ......n modified operand
03D8 B3EF ANA P 3ef 0 5 ......n
03D9 5A39 JMP I P 239 0 5 ......n
02F8 52AC JMP P 2ac 0 5 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 0 5 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 0 5 ...... next instruction
LDB <memory>
Using operand, with LSB (h) determining lower byte or upper byte and dividing
operand by two for the word address (m). The accumulator is then loaded with
this byte.
| Range of instances | 8401-84AA |
| Routine address | 031A |
| Number of instances | 75 |
031A 43DA JMM P 3da 55 31b ......n pick up byte, byte address
03DA 2239 STX P 239 55 31b ......n save return address
03DB 0C91 LRO 1 2a 31b C.....n divide accumulator by 2
03DC 0600 XXA 31b 2a C.....n put into X
03DD DE34 LDA IXP 234 4286 2a C.....n A=0473+X=(0234)+X
03DE 0402 SNC 3e1 4286 2a C.....n even accumulator?
03DF B3ED ANA P 3ed 86 2a C.....n no, LS byte, 03ED=00FF
03E0 5A39 JMP I P 239 86 2a C.....n return
031B 52AC JMP P 2ac 86 2a C.....n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 86 2a C.....n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 86 2a C..... next instruction
MUL <memory>
Multiply accumulator by memory.
| Range of instances | 9C2F-9C4F |
| Routine address | 029B |
| Number of instances | 6 |
029B 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n operand to X
029C 0540 CLA 0 55 ......n
029D 6237 STA P 237 0 55 ......n
029E DE34 LDA IXP 234 0 55 ......n get variable
029F 04AB SAZ 2ab 0 55 ......n skip if zero
02AB D237 LDA P 237 0 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 0 55 ...... next instruction
OR <memory>
Memory ored with accumulator.
| Range of instances | B80E-B864 |
| Routine address | 02D7 |
| Number of instances | 4 |
02D7 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
02D8 DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
02D9 A232 ORA P 232 fddb 55 ......n accumulator
02DA 52AC JMP P 2ac fddb 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 fddb 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 fddb 55 ...... next instruction
OUT
Output to printer.
| Range of instances | 0400-0401 |
| Routine address | 0366 |
| Number of instances | 2 |
0366 04A2 SAZ 369
...
RTS
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 0 | --- | --- |
--- | --- | --- | --- |
--- | --- | --- | --- |
Return from subroutine.
| Range of instances | 0000 |
| Routine address | 0295 |
| Number of instances | 65 |
0295 C23D LDX P 23d 55 23f ......n stack pointer
0296 0241 DNX 298 55 23e ......n decrement
0297 223D STX P 23d 55 23e ......n update pointer
0298 0700 LAX 0 0 23e ......n get saved address
0299 6233 STA P 233 0 23e ......n interpreter program counter
029A 5289 JMP P 289 0 23e ...... jump to that address
SBB
Using operand, with LSB (h) determining lower byte or upper byte and dividing
operand by two for the word address (m). This byte is then subtracted from the
accumulator.
| Range of instances | 9018 |
| Routine address | 0320 |
| Number of instances | 2 |
0320 43DA JMM P 3da 55 321 ......n pick up byte, byte address
03DA 2239 STX P 239 55 321 ......n save return address
03DB 0C91 LRO 1 2a 321 C.....n divide accumulator by 2
03DC 0600 XXA 321 2a C.....n put into X
03DD DE34 LDA IXP 234 4286 2a C.....n A=0473+X=(0234)+X
03DE 0402 SNC 3e1 4286 2a C.....n even accumulator?
03DF B3ED ANA P 3ed 86 2a C.....n no, LS byte, 03ED=00FF
03E0 5A39 JMP I P 239 86 2a C.....n return
0321 533A JMP P 33a 86 2a C.....n
033A 0100 TWA ff7a 2a ......n
033B 5336 JMP P 336 ff7a 2a ......n
0336 8232 ADD P 232 ff7a 2a ......n accumulator - byte
0337 52AC JMP P 2ac ff7a 2a ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 ff7a 2a ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 ff7a 2a ...... next instruction
STA <memory>
Store accumulator at memory.
| Range of instances | 6001-6085 |
| Routine address | 032A |
| Number of instances | 203 |
032A 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
032B D232 LDA P 232 ff7a 55 ......n accumulator
032C 6E34 STA IXP 234 ff7a 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
032D 5289 JMP P 289 ff7a 55 ...... next instruction
STA <memory>,<bit>
Store bit in memory.
| Range of instances | 4011-40ED |
| Routine address | 02FE |
| Number of instances | 14 |
02FE C232 LDX P 232 55 86 ......n
02FF 5303 JMP P 303 55 86 ......n
0303 2237 STX P 237 55 86 ......n
0304 43CB JMM P 3cb 55 305 ......n extract nibble 3 and 4
03CB 0CB4 LRC 4 5005 305 ......n nibble 3
03CC 723B STR P 23b 5005 305 ......n save
03CD 0C9C LRO 12 5 305 ......n nibble 4
03CE 623C STA P 23c 5 305 ......n save
03CF 07C0 JMX 0 5 305 ......n return
0305 08B0 ADI b0 b5 305 ......n
0306 730D STR P 30d b5 305 ......n self modifying code
0307 D237 LDA P 237 86 305 ......n
0308 0C91 LRO 1 43 305 ......n
0309 C23B LDX P 23b 43 5 ......n
030A 05D0 REX 0 43 5 ......n
030B D3F2 LDA P 3f2 7fff 5 ......n
030C 01C0 ADC 7fff 5 ......n
030D 0CB5 LRC 5 fbff 5 C.....n modified operand
030E 0412 SNV 311 fbff 5 C.....n
0311 BE34 ANA IXP 234 1000 5 C.....n
0312 532C JMP P 32c 1000 5 C.....n
032C 6E34 STA IXP 234 1000 5 C.....n
032D 5289 JMP P 289 1000 5 C..... next instruction
STB <memory>
Using accumulator, with LSB (h) determining lower byte or upper byte and
dividing accumulator by two for the word address (m). The byte is stored in
memory.
| Range of instances | 8001-80AA |
| Routine address | 0354 |
| Number of instances | 78 |
0354 C232 LDX P 232 55 86 ......n accumulator
0355 5323 JMP P 323 55 86 ......n
0323 0C91 LRO 1 2a 86 C.....n divide accumulator by 2
0324 0600 XXA 86 2a C.....n put into X
0325 0402 SNC 328 86 2a C.....n even accumulator?
0326 7E34 STR IXP 234 86 2a C.....n no, store right
0327 5289 JMP P 289 86 2a C..... next instruction
SUB <memory>
Subtract memory from accumulator.
| Range of instances | 700F-7082 |
| Routine address | 0338 |
| Number of instances | 17 |
0338 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
0339 DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
033A 0100 TWA 3e2d 55 ......n negate
033B 5336 JMP P 336 3e2d 55 ......n
0336 8232 ADD P 232 3e2d 55 ......n accumulator - memory
0337 52AC JMP P 2ac 3e2d 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 3e2d 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 3e2d 55 ...... next instruction
SUB immediate
Subtract immediate from accumulator.
| Range of instances | B001-B0B7 |
| Routine address | 033A |
| Number of instances | 32 |
033A 0100 TWA ffab 0 ......n negate operand
033B 5336 JMP P 336 ffab 0 ......n
0336 8232 ADD P 232 3dd8 0 C.....n accumulator - immediate
0337 52AC JMP P 2ac 3dd8 0 C.....n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 3dd8 0 C.....n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 3dd8 0 C..... next instruction
XOR <memory>
Memory exclusive ored with accumulator.
| Range of instances | BC0E-BC44 |
| Routine address | 02DB |
| Number of instances | 8 |
02DB 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
02DC DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
02DD B232 ANA P 232 c1d3 55 ......n accumulator
02DE 6238 STA P 238 c1d3 55 ......n
02DF DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
02E0 A232 ORA P 232 fddb 55 ......n accumulator
02E1 9238 SUB P 238 3c08 55 ......n
02E2 52AC JMP P 2ac 3c08 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 3c08 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 3c08 55 ...... next instruction
?
?.
| Range of instances | 3C0C |
| Routine address | 038E |
| Number of instances | 1 |
038E 6238 STA P 238 55 0 ......n
...
?
?.
| Range of instances | 5C00 |
| Routine address | 0382 |
| Number of instances | 1 |
0382 43C1 JMM P 3c1 55 383 ......n
...
?
?.
| Range of instances | 781F-786A |
| Routine address | 033F |
| Number of instances | 23 |
033F 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n operand to X
0340 DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n base of interpreter memory
0341 04D2 SAG 344 c1d3 55 ......n
0342 0100 TWA 3e2d 55 ......n
0343 08B0 ADI b0 3edd 55 ......n
0344 0810 ADI 10 3eed 55 ......n
0345 7347 STR P 347 3eed 55 ......n self modifying code
0346 D232 LDA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
0347 0CED NOP 0 55 ......n modified operand of LLO
0348 52AC JMP P 2ac 0 55 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 0 55 ...... next instruction
?
?.
| Range of instances | 7C00 |
| Routine address | 036C |
| Number of instances | 5 |
036C D232 LDA P 232 0 0 ......n accumulator
036D 0C98 LRO 8 0 0 ......n
036E 0600 XXA 0 0 ......n
036F D225 LDA P 225 1 0 ......n
0370 0C91 LRO 1 0 0 C.....n
0371 0600 XXA 0 0 C.....n
0372 0402 SNC 375 0 0 C.....n
0373 7601 STR XP 201 0 0 C.....n
0374 5376 JMP P 376 0 0 C.....n
0376 E225 INC P 225 0 0 C.....n
0377 D225 LDA P 225 2 0 C.....n
0378 0948 SBI 48 ffba 0 C.....n
0379 04B1 SAN 37b ffba 0 C.....n
037B 5289 JMP P 289 ffba 0 C....
?
?.
| Range of instances | 981C-986C |
| Routine address | 037C |
| Number of instances | 4 |
037C F3F3 CAA P 3f3 55 0 ......n
...
?
?.
| Range of instances | A02F-A049 |
| Routine address | 02AE |
| Number of instances | 5 |
02AE 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
02AF 0540 CLA 0 55 ......n
02B0 6237 STA P 237 0 55 ......n
02B1 6239 STA P 239 0 55 ......n
02B2 D232 LDA P 232 0 55 ......n accumulator
02B3 04D3 SAG 2b7 0 55 ......n
02B4 0100 TWA 0 55 C.....n
02B5 E239 INC P 239 0 55 C.....n
02B6 6232 STA P 232 0 55 C.....n accumulator
02B7 DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 C.....n base of interpreter memory
02B8 C3EF LDX P 3ef c1d3 1 C.....n
02B9 04D3 SAG 2bd c1d3 1 C.....n
02BA 04AE SAZ 2c9 c1d3 1 C.....n
02BB 0100 TWA 3e2d 1 ......n
02BC E239 INC P 239 3e2d 1 ......n
02BD 0C11 LLO 1 7c5a 1 ......n
02BE 04B2 SAN 2c1 7c5a 1 ......n
02BF 0201 INX 2c1 7c5a 2 ......n
02C0 52BD JMP P 2bd 7c5a 2 ......n
02BD 0C11 LLO 1 f8b4 2 ......n
02BE 04B2 SAN 2c1 f8b4 2 ......n
02C1 0C91 LRO 1 7c5a 2 ......n
02C2 6238 STA P 238 7c5a 2 ......n
02C3 0100 TWA 83a6 2 ......n
02C4 8232 ADD P 232 83a6 2 ......n accumulator
02C5 04B1 SAN 2c7 83a6 2 ......n
02C7 D237 LDA P 237 0 2 ......n
02C8 0C21 LLI 1 0 2 ......n
02C9 6237 STA P 237 0 2 ......n
02CA D238 LDA P 238 7c5a 2 ......n
02CB 0241 DNX 2cd 7c5a 1 ......n
02CC 52C1 JMP P 2c1 7c5a 1 ......n
02C1 0C91 LRO 1 3e2d 1 ......n
02C2 6238 STA P 238 3e2d 1 ......n
02C3 0100 TWA c1d3 1 ......n
02C4 8232 ADD P 232 c1d3 1 ......n accumulator
02C5 04B1 SAN 2c7 c1d3 1 ......n
02C7 D237 LDA P 237 0 1 ......n
02C8 0C21 LLI 1 0 1 ......n
02C9 6237 STA P 237 0 1 ......n
02CA D238 LDA P 238 3e2d 1 ......n
02CB 0241 DNX 2cd 3e2d 0 ......n
02CD D239 LDA P 239 2 0 ......n
02CE 04C3 SLZ 2d2 2 0 ......n
02D2 52AB JMP P 2ab 2 0 ......n
02AB D237 LDA P 237 0 0 ......n
02AC 6232 STA P 232 0 0 ......n accumulator
02AD 5289 JMP P 289 0 0 ......
?
?.
| Range of instances | C009-CEB5 |
| Routine address | 0349 |
| Number of instances | 169 |
0349 723B STR P 23b 55 0 ......n
034A DA33 LDA I P 233 8a00 0 ......n
034B 0C99 LRO 9 45 0 ......n
034C 8236 ADD P 236 45 0 ......n
034D 6232 STA P 232 45 0 ......n
034E DA32 LDA I P 232 426a 0 ......n
034F EA32 INC I P 232 426a 0 ......n
0350 0405 SNC 356 426a 0 ......n
0356 6232 STA P 232 426a 0 ......n
0357 D23B LDA P 23b 55 0 ......n
0358 43DA JMM P 3da 55 359 ......n pick up byte, byte address
03DA 2239 STX P 239 55 359 ......n save return address
03DB 0C91 LRO 1 2a 359 C.....n divide accumulator by 2
03DC 0600 XXA 359 2a C.....n put into X
03DD DE34 LDA IXP 234 4286 2a C.....n A=0473+X=(0234)+X
03DE 0402 SNC 3e1 4286 2a C.....n even accumulator?
03DF B3ED ANA P 3ed 86 2a C.....n no, LS byte, 03ED=00FF
03E0 5A39 JMP I P 239 86 2a C.....n return
0359 6237 STA P 237 86 2a C.....n
035A D232 LDA P 232 426a 2a C.....n
035B 0C91 LRO 1 2135 2a ......n
035C 623A STA P 23a 2135 2a ......n
035D E232 INC P 232 2135 2a ......n
035E D237 LDA P 237 86 2a ......n
035F 0402 SNC 362 86 2a ......n
0362 3A3A STL I P 23a 86 2a ......n
0363 5289 JMP P 289 86 2a ...... next instruction
?
?.
| Range of instances | E45C-E485 |
| Routine address | 0386 |
| Number of instances | 2 |
0386 0600 XXA 0 55 ......n
0387 DE34 LDA IXP 234 c1d3 55 ......n
0388 6238 STA P 238 c1d3 55 ......n
0389 43C1 JMM P 3c1 c1d3 38a ......n
03C1 D232 LDA P 232 426b 38a ......n
03C2 223A STX P 23a 426b 38a ......n
03C3 0C91 LRO 1 2135 38a C.....n
03C4 0600 XXA 38a 2135 C.....n
03C5 0700 LAX 0 8600 2135 C.....n
03C6 5A3A JMP I P 23a 8600 2135 C.....n
038A 623C STA P 23c 8600 2135 C.....n
038B 0701 LAX 1 0 2135 C.....n
038C 6232 STA P 232 0 2135 C.....n
038D 5279 JMP P 279 0 2135 C.....n
0279 D232 LDA P 232 0 2135 C.....n
027A 9238 SUB P 238 3e2d 2135 C.....n
027B 04AD SAZ 289 3e2d 2135 C.....n
027C 526D JMP P 26d 3e2d 2135 C.....
Hexadecimal Values of Interpreter Codes
|
high byte, high nibble |
high
byte,
low
nibble |
0 | 1 |
2 | 3 |
4 | 5 |
6 | 7 |
8 | 9 |
A | B |
C | D |
E | F |
| 0 |
RTS | JSR | JGT | JNE |
STA bit | BTC | STA | SUB |
STB | SBB | ? | SUB imd |
? | n/a | ERR | n/a |
| 1 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | ? | " |
? | n/a | " | n/a |
| 2 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | ? | " |
? | n/a | " | n/a |
| 3 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | ? | " |
? | n/a | " | n/a |
| 4 |
OUT | " | " | " |
LDA bit | BS | LDA | CLR |
LDB | CLB | LDA imd | AND |
? | n/a | ? | n/a |
| 5 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
? | n/a | ? | n/a |
| 6 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
? | n/a | ? | n/a |
| 7 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | " |
? | n/a | ? | n/a |
| 8 |
JMP | JEQ | JMI | JMP ind |
CMP bit | BC | CMP | ? |
CMB | ? | CMP imd | OR |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 9 |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | ? |
" | ? | " | " |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| A |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | ? |
" | ? | " | " |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| B |
" | " | " | " |
" | " | " | ? |
" | ? | " | " |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| C |
" | " | " | ? |
BTS | ? | ADD | ? |
ADB | MUL | ADD imd | XOR |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| D |
" | " | " | ? |
" | ? | " | ? |
" | " | " | " |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| E |
" | " | " | ? |
" | ? | " | ? |
" | " | " | " |
? | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| F |
" | " | " | ? |
" | ? | " | ? |
" | " | " | " |
| n/a | n/a | n/a |
- ?
- unknown operation
- n/a
- not available (unimplemented)